If you’re planning to settle in the UK permanently, Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) is your gateway to permanent residency. ILR allows you to live, work, and study in the UK without immigration restrictions, and it’s a crucial step towards British citizenship.
But who qualifies for ILR? What is the application process, and how can you increase your chances of approval? This guide breaks down everything you need to know about ILR requirements, eligibility, and common pitfalls to avoid.
What is Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) in the UK?
Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) is a type of permanent residency that allows non-UK nationals to stay in the UK without time limits. ILR holders can:
✅ Live & work in the UK without restrictions
✅ Access NHS healthcare
✅ Apply for British citizenship after 12 months
✅ Leave & re-enter the UK freely (with some travel limitations)
However, ILR holders can lose their status if they stay outside the UK for more than two years, requiring a Returning Resident Visa to re-enter.
Who is Eligible for ILR?
You may qualify for ILR under different visa categories. Below are the most common routes:
1. ILR via the Skilled Worker Visa
If you are in the UK on a Skilled Worker Visa, you can apply for ILR after 5 years if:
✔ You have continuously worked for a UK employer licensed to sponsor visas.
✔ You meet the minimum salary requirement (£26,200 or £10.75 per hour, unless exempt).
✔ You have not breached UK immigration laws.
2. ILR via the Spouse or Partner Visa
If you’re in the UK on a Spouse or Partner Visa, you can apply for ILR after 5 years, provided that:
✔ You are still in a genuine relationship with your British or ILR-holding partner.
✔ You meet the financial requirement (£18,600 per year or higher with children).
✔ You pass the Life in the UK Test and meet the English language requirement.
3. ILR via the Long Residence Route
If you have lived in the UK legally for 10 continuous years, you can apply for ILR under the Long Residence Rule, as long as:
✔ You have not spent more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12-month period.
✔ You have maintained lawful status in the UK throughout the 10 years.
4. ILR via the Global Talent, Investor, or Innovator Visa
Certain high-value migrants, such as Global Talent Visa holders, Investor Visa holders, and Innovator Visa holders, can apply for ILR after 3–5 years, depending on their contributions to the UK economy.
5. ILR for Refugees and Humanitarian Protection Holders
Refugees and those under humanitarian protection can apply for ILR after 5 years of residence in the UK.
ILR Requirements: What You Need to Apply
To apply for ILR, you must meet the following requirements:
📌 Continuous Residence – You must have lived in the UK for 5–10 years, depending on your visa type.
📌 Absence Limit – You must not have spent more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12-month period.
📌 Financial Stability – If applying through a work or spouse visa, you must meet the minimum income requirements.
📌 Life in the UK Test – A mandatory test covering UK history, laws, and culture.
📌 English Language Proficiency – You must prove your B1 level English via an approved test (unless exempt).
💡 Exemptions from the English Test:
- Nationals of English-speaking countries.
- Those who have a UK degree or equivalent.
- People over 65 years old or with medical conditions preventing them from taking the test.
How to Apply for ILR? (Step-by-Step Guide)
Step 1: Gather Required Documents
✔ Valid passport & biometric residence permit (BRP)
✔ Proof of continuous residence (rental agreements, council tax bills, etc.)
✔ Payslips & bank statements (for work-based applications)
✔ Marriage certificate (for spouse visa applicants)
✔ Life in the UK Test certificate
✔ English language test results (if applicable)
Step 2: Submit Your ILR Application Online
You must apply through the UK Home Office website using the correct ILR form:
- SET(O) – For work-based ILR applications.
- SET(M) – For spouse/partner visa holders.
- SET(LR) – For long residence (10-year rule).
Step 3: Pay the ILR Fees
💰 ILR Application Fee: £2,885 (as of 2025).
💰 Super Priority Service (24-hour decision): Extra £1,000.
Step 4: Attend a Biometric Appointment
Visit a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) centre to provide your fingerprints and a photo.
Step 5: Wait for a Decision
⏳ Processing Time:
- Standard service: Up to 6 months.
- Priority service: 5 working days.
- Super Priority service: 24 hours.
Common ILR Application Mistakes & How to Avoid Them
❌ Gaps in Continuous Residence – Ensure you have not exceeded 180 days outside the UK in any 12-month period.
❌ Incorrect Documentation – Missing or incorrect documents can lead to rejection. Double-check requirements!
❌ Failure to Meet Financial Requirements – If applying through a work or spouse visa, ensure you meet income thresholds.
❌ Not Preparing for the Life in the UK Test – Study in advance to avoid failing and delaying your ILR application.
💡 What to Do if Your ILR Application is Rejected?
✔ Administrative Review – Request a reconsideration if you believe an error was made.
✔ Reapply – Correct any issues and submit a new application.
✔ Appeal (if applicable) – Some cases allow appeals, but legal advice is recommended.
Pathway to British Citizenship After ILR
Once you have ILR, you can apply for British citizenship after 12 months (unless you are married to a British citizen, in which case you can apply immediately).
📌 Requirements for Citizenship:
✔ Hold ILR for at least 12 months.
✔ Have not been outside the UK for more than 90 days in the past year.
✔ Pass the Life in the UK Test and English test (if not already passed for ILR).
Final Thoughts
Obtaining Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) is a significant milestone for those looking to settle in the UK permanently. By understanding the eligibility criteria, preparing documents correctly, and avoiding common mistakes, you can increase your chances of a successful ILR application.
✅ Key Takeaways:
- ILR allows you to live and work in the UK permanently.
- Eligibility depends on your visa type and residency period.
- Meeting financial, language, and residency requirements is crucial.
- ILR is the first step towards British citizenship.
💬 Have questions about ILR? Drop them in the comments!
🚀 Need help with your ILR application? Contact an immigration expert today!