If you’re planning to work in the UK under a sponsored visa, understanding the Defined Certificate of Sponsorship (COS) vs. Undefined COS is crucial. Employers and skilled workers often get confused about which COS to apply for, delaying the visa process. In this guide, we’ll break down the differences between Defined COS and Undefined COS, explain their eligibility criteria, and provide application tips to help you secure your UK work visa smoothly.
What Is a Certificate of Sponsorship (COS) in the UK?
A Certificate of Sponsorship (COS) is an electronic record issued by a UK-licensed sponsor (employer) to a foreign worker they intend to hire. This document is essential for applying for a Skilled Worker visa or other sponsored work visas in the UK. Each COS contains a unique reference number that the applicant must use when submitting their visa application.
The UK Home Office classifies COS into two types:
- Defined COS – For Skilled Worker visa applicants applying from outside the UK.
- Undefined COS – For Skilled Worker and other sponsored visa applicants already inside the UK.
Let’s explore the key differences between the two.
Defined COS vs. Undefined COS: What’s the Difference?
| Feature | Defined COS | Undefined COS |
|---|---|---|
| Who Needs It? | Skilled Worker visa applicants outside the UK | Skilled Worker visa applicants inside the UK & other sponsored work visas |
| Who Issues It? | UK Home Office (after employer request) | Employer (from their allocated COS quota) |
| Processing Time | Usually 1-2 working days after employer requests from the Home Office | Immediate (if employer has available COS allocation) |
| Usage Restriction | Only valid for a specific Skilled Worker job and applicant | Can be used for various work visa routes |
When to Apply for a Defined COS?
A Defined COS is required only if the worker is applying for a Skilled Worker visa from outside the UK. The employer must request it through the UK Sponsorship Management System (SMS). The Home Office will review the request before issuing the COS.
Key Requirements for Defined COS:
- The job must meet the Skilled Worker visa eligibility criteria.
- The employer must have a valid Sponsor Licence.
- The Home Office must approve the request before issuing the COS.
When to Apply for an Undefined COS?
An Undefined COS is issued to workers who are already in the UK and switching to or extending their visa under the Skilled Worker route. Employers also use Undefined COS for other sponsored work visa categories.
Key Requirements for Undefined COS:
The employer must have an allocated quota of Undefined COS.
The job must meet visa eligibility criteria (salary, skill level, etc.).
If the employer has exhausted their COS allocation, they must request more from the Home Office.
Application Tips for Employers & Workers
For Employers:
✔ Check COS Allocation Early – If you need a Defined COS, request it in advance to avoid delays.
✔ Ensure Job Eligibility – Verify that the job meets Skilled Worker visa salary and skill level requirements.
✔ Avoid Errors in the Application – Incorrect job details or salary figures can lead to rejection.
For Skilled Worker Visa Applicants:
✔ Use the Correct COS Type – Applying with the wrong COS type can lead to visa rejection.
✔ Check the Job Details – Ensure the job title, salary, and employer details on the COS match your visa application.
✔ Apply for the Visa Promptly – Once a COS is issued, it is only valid for three months.
Conclusion
Understanding the Defined COS vs. Undefined COS distinction is key for a smooth UK work visa application. If you’re applying from outside the UK, your employer must request a Defined COS from the Home Office. If you’re inside the UK, your employer can issue an Undefined COS directly if they have available allocations.
For employers, ensuring proper COS allocation and avoiding application mistakes is crucial. For Skilled Worker visa applicants, double-checking your COS details can prevent unnecessary delays.
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